CD affects about 1 in 100 individuals worldwide.

Your risk is higher if:

• You have a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) with celiac disease—raising your risk to about 1 in 10.
• You have other autoimmune conditions, especially Type 1 diabetes.

The Genetic component

Most people with celiac disease carry specific gene variants:

1. HLA-DQ2 (about 90% of cases)
2. HLA-DQ8 (about 5–10% of cases)

However, having HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 does not mean you will get celiac disease. Many people carry these genes and never develop the condition, as additional factors—such as timing and amount of gluten exposure, gastrointestinal infections (especially in early life), gut microbiome composition, and intestinal barrier integrity—also influence risk.